Nicotine Blood Test

Each situation is unique collection of blood. A phlebotomist authority must not only possess the technical skills necessary to sample quality, but should also include variables for many patients, complications and procedural errors that may affect the integrity of the sample or the health and patient safety to avoid or reduce any negative impact.

Factors include:

Age
Some physiological functions such as decreased renal function with age in adults. For example, the clearance of creatinine, a kidney function test, is directly related to patient age, to be used in the calculation of test results.

Regime
Some laboratory tests are affected by the ingestion of certain foods, which must be eliminated from the diet for several days before the sample is collected. For example, some methods to detect occult (hidden) blood in the stool also detect similar substances in meat and certain vegetables. Therefore, a special diet that eliminates those foods must be followed for several days before the sample is collected.

Fluid intake can also affect the composition of blood. Excessive water can cause a decrease in Hb and change the electrolyte balance. Caffeine consumption has been shown to affect cortisol levels. Recent ingestion of alcohol may also affect the test values, glucose values in particular.

Altitude
Decrease in oxygen content of air at higher altitudes causes the body to produce more RBC meet the needs of the body with oxygen, the higher the altitude, the greater, as I rise. Thus, numbers of RBC and related decisions such as hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) will be more normal ranges at higher elevations.

Daily variation
Many components of blood show daily changes and fluctuations normal day. The factors that play a role in the daily variations include activities, food, light and darkness, and be awake or asleep. number of white blood cells, eosinophils, and iron levels are lower in the morning than the afternoon. Cortisol, insulin, potassium and testosterone levels are highest in the morning. Daily variations may be material. For example, levels of cortisol and levels of iron can vary from 50% or more 8:00 to 4:00 p.m..

Dehydration
Dehydration (decreased total body fluid) that occurs with persistent vomiting or diarrhea, for example, causes hemconcentration, a condition in which blood components can not easily leave the blood stream are concentrated because of the volume smaller plasma. Hemconcentration falsely increases some components of blood such as red blood cells, enzymes, iron, calcium and sodium. In addition, it is often difficult to obtain a blood sample from a dehydrated patient.

Fever
The fever affects levels of some hormones. Hypoglycemia caused by increased levels of insulin fever followed by an increase in plasma glucagon. Fever also increases levels of cortisol and may disrupt the normal diurnal variation.

Medication
Many drugs affect physiological functions. In most cases, the effect is desired. Some people, however there are adverse physiological effects or side effects known sensitivities. For "For example, thiazide diuretics are often the cause of increased levels of calcium and can cause low potassium levels. Chemotherapy drugs often cause a drop in blood cells, especially leukocytes and platelets. Many drugs are toxic to the liver, causing an increase in liver enzymes such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (aspartate aminotransferase), alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase-(LDH / LD). Steroids and diuretics can cause pancre'atitis and increased serum amylase.